Krause Lab | Mahajanga Basin Project

Mahajanga Basin Project
1993 - present

The Mahajanga Basin Project (MBP), since its inception in 1993, has been conducted jointly with the University of Antananarivo. Our discoveries, most of them in the Maevarano Formation near the village of Berivotra in northwestern Madagascar, have established the island as having some of the most complete and scientifically significant specimens of Late Cretaceous vertebrate animals from the southern hemisphere and, indeed, the world. These discoveries have more than quintupled the previously known diversity of Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Madagascar and now include the remains of approximately 50 species of bony fishes, frogs, turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodyliforms, nonavian dinosaurs, birds, and mammals. Many of the specimens recovered represent species that are new to science and many of the higher taxa represented are the first documented occurrences for the pre-Late Pleistocene of Madagascar. Other records represent the only known occurrences from Madagascar, fossil or Recent (e.g., rays, sawsharks, albuloids, lepisosteids among fishes, ceratophryines among frogs, and gondwanatheres and marsupials among mammals). Finally, some of the higher taxa represented constitute first records from the Late Cretaceous of large portions of the southern supercontinent Gondwana (e.g., sawsharks, frogs, lizards, birds, marsupials).

Research on these various discoveries has provided, and continues to provide, important information on the anatomy, habits, and relationships of many taxa, documentation of the geological structure and history of the Mahajanga Basin, key insights into the biogeographic origins of both the extinct and extant vertebrate faunas of the island, and crucial new implications for the plate tectonic history of Gondwana during the Mesozoic Era. It is during the latter half of this era that Gondwana began to fragment, with dramatic consequences for its terrestrial and freshwater vertebrate fauna. Madagascar is of unusually high paleobiogeographic interest and intrigue because: 1) it occupied a somewhat central geographic position within Gondwana and was among the first, and last, landmasses to be involved in fragmentation of the supercontinent; 2) it has been isolated from all other Gondwanan landmasses for over 85 million years; 3) it has a highly endemic and imbalanced extant biota whose biogeographic origins remain one of the greatest unsolved mysteries of natural history; and 4) its fossil record of terrestrial and freshwater vertebrates is extremely sparse.

Many of the taxa that we have discovered in the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar have their closest relatives on the Indian subcontinent and in South America, thus revealing a much higher degree of cosmopolitanism among Gondwanan vertebrates near the end of the Late Cretaceous than predicted by generally-accepted paleogeographic reconstructions. Furthermore, it appears that the Late Cretaceous Malagasy vertebrate fauna went extinct without issue and that the basal stocks of the extant Malagasy fauna arrived after the Late Cretaceous. If so, and in light of the fact that Madagascar was isolated in the Indian Ocean for some 20 million years prior to the end of the Cretaceous, each of the founding populations would have had to cross a formidable marine barrier.

The MBP has been funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (1993-94, 1995-97, 1997-2001, 2001-2004, 2005-2010), the National Geographic Society (1999-2000, 2001-2003, 2004-2005, 2009-2010), the Dinosaur Society (1995), and the Simons Foundation (2007-2008).

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS

Gregory A. Buckley • Ph.D., Associate Professor, Evelyn T. Stone College of Professional Studies, Roosevelt University •

Greg did significant portions of his dissertation research in the Department of Anatomical Sciences at Stony Brook University and has participated in MBP expeditions since 1993. His research has focused on the description and phylogenetic analysis of the mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms in the Maevarano Formation assemblage; this has involved the description and naming of the large, broad-mouthed species Mahajangasuchus insignis (see Buckley and Brochu, 1999; see also Turner and Buckley, 2008) and the bizarre, pug-nosed species Simosuchus clarki see Buckley et al., 2000), and recognizing, on the basis of new material, that the enigmatic 'Trematochampsa' oblita, should be placed in a new genus, Miadanasuchus (see Simons and Buckley, 2009). Greg has also been involved in more general studies of the evolutionary and biogeographic history of the Late Cretaceous vertebrate fauna from Madagascar (Krause et al., 1999, 2006). Greg's other research interests lie with Paleocene mammals from the Western Interior of North America.

Catherine A. Forster • Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Biological Sciences, George Washington University •

Cathy was on the faculty in the Department of Anatomical Sciences at Stony Brook University from 1994 to 2007 and began participating in MBP expeditions in 1995. Cathy has been primarily involved in the description and interpretation of the numerous, exquisitely-preserved bird fossils from the Maevarano Formation (Forster et al., 1996, 1998, 2003; Schweitzer et al., 1999; O'Connor and Forster, in review) but has also contributed to various studies of the turtles (Gaffney and Forster, 2003), sauropods (Dodson et al., 1998; Curry Rogers and Forster, 2001, 2004), and nonavian theropods (Sampson et al., 1996, 1998, 2001; Carrano et al., 2002) from the basin, as well as more general overviews of the fauna (Krause et al., 1999). Her research interests are generally focused on dinosaurs but she has also conducted research on cynodonts, crocodyliforms, and turtles. Cathy also carries out field research in the Middle Jurassic Shishugou Formation of China and is actively working on dinosaur material from the Lower Cretaceous Kirkwood Formation of South Africa.

David W. Krause • Ph.D., Distinguished Service Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University •

Dave initiated the MBP in 1993, with the initial goal of discovering mammals. That objective was accomplished in the first field season (Krause et al., 1994), and several more mammalian specimens have since been discovered and described (Krause et al., 1997, 2001). The abundance of fossil specimens, many of them relatively complete and well preserved, of other vertebrate taxa has enticed Dave to lead or assist research on many other clades, including ray-finned fishes (Gottfried and Krause, 1998); frogs (Asher and Krause, 1998; Evans et al., 2008), turtles (Gaffney et al., in press), snakes (LaDuke et al., in press), lizards (Krause et al., 2003), crocodyliforms (Buckley et al., 2000; Georgi and Krause, in prep., Krause and Kley, in prep.), sauropods (Dodson et al., 1998), nonavian theropods (Sampson et al., 1996, 1998; Rogers et al., 2003; Krause et al., 2007; Sampson and Krause, 2007), and birds (Forster et al., 1996, 1998, 2003; Schweitzer et al., 1999). Dave has also contributed to various studies of the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and taphonomy of the Mahajanga Basin (Rogers et al., 2000, 2001, 2003, 2007; Rogers and Krause, 2007) and has developed several overviews of the Maevarano Formation assemblage and placed it in biogeographic context (e.g., Krause and Hartman, 1996; Krause et al., 1997, 1999, 2006; Krause, 2000, 2003; Krause and Rasoamiaramanana, 2006). Finally, Dave and many other colleagues published a plea to retain Madagascar's fossils in the public domain (Krause et al., 2006). Dave is also the founder and director of the Madagascar Ankizy Fund (www.ankizy.org).

Patrick M. O'Connor • Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University •

Pat earned his Ph.D. from the Department of Anatomical Sciences at Stony Brook University in 2003 and has been involved in the MBP since 1996. He leads and directs several research projects on the anatomy and systematics of both avian and nonavian theropod dinosaurs from the Mahajanga Basin. This has resulted in a number of studies describing the postcranial axial skeleton of the abelisaurid theropod Majungasaurus crenatissimus (see Sampson et al., 1998; O'Connor, 2007), analyzing the paleopathology of M. crenatissimus, and describing a diversity of bird fossils (O'Connor and Forster, in review). Pat has also been involved in several more general studies of the Maevarano Formation assemblage (e.g., Krause et al., 2006). Partly as an outgrowth of the MBP, Pat has, since 2002, led expeditions to Cretaceous deposits in the Rukwa Rift Basin of southwestern Tanzania, which has become a very successful project in its own right. He is also involved with field projects in Egypt, Kenya, Zimbabwe, and Utah. In addition to field research, Pat is involved in a number of lab and museum studies examining skeletal evolution in crocodyliforms, dinosaurs (including birds), and pterosaurs. Among the latter two groups are projects focused on macro- and microstructural modifications of the skeleton related to postcranial pneumaticity (the presence of air-filled bones). Much of this research, starting with his dissertation (O'Connor, 2003), has focused on M. crenatissimus (O'Connor and Claessens, 2005; O'Connor, 2006). Pat is also a member of the Advisory Board of the Madagascar Ankizy Fund.

Raymond R. Rogers • Ph.D., Professor, Department of Geology, Macalester College •

Ray joined the Mahajanga Basin Project in 1995. He is a sedimentary geologist and taphonomist interested in studying terrestrial and marginal marine depositional systems. His current research focuses on understanding how fossilization of vertebrate remains transpires in different depositional settings and on reconstructing terrestrial ecosystems using sedimentological and taphonomic lines of evidence. On the MBP, Ray has worked to resolve the basic litho- and chronostratigraphy of the basin (Rogers et al., 2000, 2001), reconstruct depositional environments and paleoclimate (Rogers, 2005), and study the taphonomy of the abundant vertebrate fossils (Schweitzer et al., 1999; Rogers et al., 2003, 2007; Rogers and Krause, 2007; Roberts et al., 2007; Koenig et al., 2009). He has also been involved in reporting on the first-known Late Cretaceous coelacanths from Madagascar (Gottfried et al., 2004), employing MBP fossils to examine evidence for endothermic homeothermy in theropod dinosaurs (Fricke and Rogers, 2000), and in general studies on the Late Cretaceous vertebrate fauna of Madagascar (Krause et al., 1999, 2006). Ray has been instrumental in getting undergraduate students at Macalester involved in MBP-related research, which has resulted in a number of outstanding senior honors theses (Miller, 1999; Casey, 2002; Jerve, 2004; Dennis-Duke, 2005; Kast, 2008). Ray has also worked in the Cretaceous foreland basin of Montana, the Triassic Ischigualasto Basin of Argentina, and the Triassic-Jurassic Karoo-equivalent rocks of southern Zimbabwe.

OTHER CURRENT RESEARCH COLLABORATORS

Sara Burch • B.S., Ph.D. Graduate Student, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University •

Sara participated in the 2007 MBP expedition and is developing a dissertation that focuses in part on the forelimb of Majungasaurus crenatissimus, a nearly complete and very well preserved specimen of which was discovered in 2005. This work will be expanded into a functional analysis that seeks to elucidate the function(s) of reduced forelimbs in theropods. Along with fellow graduate student Joe Sertich, Sara intends to develop an independent but related field research project in Cretaceous deposits of the Morondava Basin, which lies to the south of our primary field area.

Matthew T. Carrano • Ph.D., Curator of Dinosauria, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution •

During his stint as a Postdoctoral Associate at Stony Brook University (1998-2003), Matt participated in the 1999 and 2001 MBP expeditions. His MBP research has focused on the description and phylogenetic analysis of the nonavian theropod dinosaurs Masiakasaurus knopfleri (see Sampson et al., 2001; Carrano et al., 2002; Carrano and Loewen, in review) and Majungasaurus crenatissimus (see Carrano, 2007; Krause et al., 2007). These efforts helped spawn a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Ceratosauria (Carrano and Sampson, 2008). In 2004, Matt led an expedition to Madagascar in search of Early Cretaceous vertebrates. Matt is generally interested in large-scale evolutionary patterns within the Dinosauria, the phylogeny of basal (noncoelurosaurian) theropods, and dinosaur diversity and paleoecology.

Kristina A. Curry Rogers • Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Departments of Biology and Geology, Macalester College •

Kristi has been involved in the MBP since 1998. She obtained her Ph.D. from the Department of Anatomical Sciences at Stony Brook University in 2001, writing her dissertation on one of the titanosaurians discovered in the Maevarano Formation (Curry, 2001). Since then she has published a number of papers on MBP titanosaurians (Curry Rogers and Forster, 2001, 2004; Curry Rogers, in press), as well as more general papers on Titanosauria (Curry Rogers, 2005; Wilson and Curry Rogers, in press). Kristi has also participated in several other MBP studies, including discovery of evidence for cannibalism in the abelisaurid theropod Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Rogers et al., 2003), description of the first-known Late Cretaceous coelacanths from Madagascar (Gottfried et al., 2004), a biogeographic analysis of Gondwanan vertebrate faunas (Krause et al., 2006), and an overview of the paleoenvironment and paleoecology of M. crenatissimus (Rogers et al., 2007). Kristi's research interests are generally focused on dinosaurian evolution and paleobiology and, more specifically, on Titanosauria. Kristi utilizes bone histology to explore and reconstruct growth patterns in extinct dinosaurs, living birds, and other vertebrates in order to better understand the life history of dinosaurs. In addition to fieldwork in Madagascar, Kristi conducts field research in Montana and Zimbabwe.

Susan E. Evans • Professor of Vertebrate Morphology and Palaeontology, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London •

Susan became involved in the MBP in 2001, when she participated in the description, naming, and analysis of the lizard Konkosaurus mahalana (see Krause et al., 2003). She was later asked to head up the study of the massive ceratophryine frog in the Maevarano assemblage, which was named Beelzebufo ampinga (see Evans et al., 2008, in prep.). Susan's work focuses on the morphological evolution of lissamphibians and nonavian reptiles and its implications for macroevolution, phylogenetic relationships, function, palaeoecology, and biogeography. Susan is involved in a network of international collaborations on Mesozoic reptiles and amphibians that has yielded some of the oldest representatives of key tetrapod lineages (e.g., frogs, lizards, salamanders) and/or ecomorphotypes (e.g., gliding, limb loss, herbivory, proto-saltation).

Andrew A. Farke • Ph.D., Curator of Paleontology, Raymond M. Alf Museum of Paleontology •

Andy completed his Ph.D. in the Department of Anatomical Sciences at Stony Brook University in 2008. He has been actively involved in the MBP by studying paleopathology in the archosaurs, including the abelisaurid theropod Majungasaurus crenatissimus Farke and O'Connor, 2007). He also initiated a study examining cross-sectional properties of long bones to infer patterns related to strength and posture in nonavian theropods, using the nosasaurid Masiakasaurus knopfleri as a case study (see Alicea and Farke, 2007; Farke and Alicea, in review). After several seasons of participation in MBP expeditions, Andy initiated the Ambilobe Basin Project, which aims to recover vertebrate remains from the Late Cretaceous of northernmost Madagascar. Andy's research interests primarily focus on the evolution and functional morphology of the ceratopsians, or horned dinosaurs, and on Late Cretaceous ecosystems in North America and Gondwana.

Eugene S. Gaffney • Ph.D., Curator Emeritus, Department of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History •

Gene is the turtle expert on the MBP and began working with MBP researchers in describing turtles from the Maevarano Formation in 2001. His current research focuses on side-necked turtles, or pleurodires, which are now found only on southern continents but were once very widespread and diverse. Pleurodires are well represented in the Maevarano Formation. Gene has teamed with MBP researchers and has thus far identified and described three species in the Maevarano Formation assemblage: the podocnemidid cf. Erymnochelys sp. (a close relative of the extant Erymnochelys madagascariensis), the bothremydid Kinkonychelys rogersi, and an unnamed bothremydid (Gaffney and Forster, 2003; Gaffney et al., in press).

Michael D. Gottfried • Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department of Geological Sciences, Michigan State University •

Mike has been a member of MBP field crews since 1998 and has concentrated his research efforts on describing and elucidating the biogeographic history of the bony fishes from the Maevarano Formation (Gottfried and Krause, 1998) and the underlying Ankazomihaboka sandstones (Gottfried et al., 2004). He has also studied the sharks and rays from the end-Cretaceous marine Berivotra Formation (Gottfried and Rabarison, 1997; Gottfried et al., 2001). Mike's primary research interests are focused on the fossil record and systematic interrelationships of sharks, particularly Great White Sharks and their close relatives. He has also studied "palaeoniscoids," a primitive group of Paleozoic fishes crucial to understanding the early evolution of the now-dominant ray-finned fishes. In addition to conducting field work in the Mahajanga Basin, Mike has, since 2002, co-led field expeditions to the Rukwa Rift Basin in Tanzania with Pat O'Connor.

Nathan J. Kley • Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University •

Nate is a relatively recent addition to the MBP. He was called upon to contribute his expertise to a description and functional analysis of the snakes from the Maevarano Formation (LaDuke et al., in press) and is now heavily involved in a monographic study of the bizarre, pug-nosed notosuchian crocodyliform Simosuchus clarki that will soon result in a multi-authored volume (Krause and Kley, in prep.). The latter includes a detailed treatment of the craniofacial morphology of S. clarki by Kley et al. (in prep.). The primary focus of Nate's research is the evolution of form and function in squamates. His interests in this area are broad, spanning numerous functional and anatomical systems, but are primarily concentrated on the functional morphology of the feeding apparatus and the evolutionary morphology of the pelvis and hind limbs, each of which bears significantly on the ongoing controversy regarding the evolutionary origin of snakes.

Lydia J. Rahantarisoa • Ph.D., Département de Paléontologie et d'Anthroplogie Biologique - Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo •

As a graduate student, Lydia began participating in MBP expeditions in 1995 and has participated in every expedition since. As such, she has become an integral component of our field teams. Lydia is a paleontologist and stratigrapher who completed her Thèse de Doctorat on the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the marine Berivotra Formation (Rahantarisoa, 2007). This provided important age constraints for the vertebrate fauna in the underlying Maevarano Formation. Lydia has contributed to a study of the paleoecology of the nonavian theropod Majungasaurus crenatissimus (see Rogers et al., 2007).

Armand Rasoamiaramanana • Ph.D., Chef, Département de Paléontologie et d'Anthroplogie Biologique - Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo •

Dr. Rasoamiaramanana is Chair of the Department of Paleontology and Biological Anthropology at the University of Antananarivo. He primarily conducts research on Cretaceous ammonites but has broad interests that include vertebrate paleontology and stratigraphy. As head of the department, Dr. Rasoamiaramanana is the primary Malagasy collaborator for the project. He has participated in the fieldwork and is intimately involved with providing graduate students for the project and serving as liaison with government officials for collecting/excavation and export permits. Dr. Rasoamiaramanana has contributed to several studies of the geology and paleontology of the Mahajanga Basin (e.g., Krause and Rasoamiaramanana, 2006; Rogers et al., 2007; O'Connor et al., 2009).

Karen E. Samonds • Ph.D., Assistant Professor/Curator, Redpath Museum, McGill University •

Karen received her Ph.D. from the Department of Anatomical Sciences at Stony Brook University in 2006. Her dissertation research focused on the evolutionary and biogeographic history of Madagascar's bats, the least-studied of the island's modern mammals. Karen participated in several MBP expeditions before developing a separate but related field research project exploring for Cenozoic vertebrates on the island. This project seeks to address questions of when, from where, and potentially how the basal stocks of the various clades of extant vertebrates arrived on the island. An exciting result of that effort is the discovery of Eotheroides lambondrano, a new species of middle Eocene seacow (Samonds et al., in press).

Joseph J. W. Sertich • M.S., Ph.D. Graduate Student, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University •

Joe began working on the Mahajanga Basin Project in 2005 and has participated in the 2005 and 2007 expeditions. He is concentrating his research efforts on several mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms from the Maevarano Formation. This will involve description and analysis of new taxa, description of spectacular new material of previously described taxa, and placing them, as well as new taxa from the Cretaceous of Kenya, Tanzania, and Egypt, in phylogenetic and biogeographic context. Joe is also involved in comparing isolated crocodyliform teeth recovered from the Maastrichtian intertrappean beds of India to those of the comparatively well-known crocodyliform taxa of Madagascar in an attempt to assess paleobiogeographic implications. Along with fellow graduate student Sara Burch, Joe is currently developing an independent but related field project to conduct reconnaissance in Cretaceous strata of the Morandava Basin to the south of our primary field areas.

Alan Turner • Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Stony Brook University •

Alan began working on the crocodyliforms from the Mahajanga Basin as a M.S. student at the University of Iowa and a Ph.D. student at Columbia University, long before joining the faculty here at Stony Brook in 2008. As a result of his involvement in the MBP, Alan has completed a monographic study of a new species of Araripesuchus, A. tsangatsangana (see Turner, 2006), a description of the cranium of Mahajangasuchus insignis and its relevance for interpreting palatal evolution in Crocodyliformes (Turner and Buckley, 2008), and an analysis of crocodyliform biogeography during the Cretaceous (Turner, 2004). Alan also has strong research interests in the evolutionary history and relationships of avian and nonavian theropod dinosaurs, in part as it relates to the understanding of the origin and evolution of characters associated with avian flight, and is involved in field projects in New Mexico (Ghost Ranch), Mongolia, and Argentina.

SUPPORT PERSONNEL

Benjamin Andriamihaja • Directeur Général, Madagascar Institut pour la Conservation des Ecosystèmes Tropicaux (MICET) •

Benjamin has facilitated MBP expeditions since 1993. He and his staff deal with travel arrangements (both foreign and domestic), assist with procurement of collecting and export permits, handle shipping arrangements, and provide research vehicles, drivers, and mechanics for the expeditions. Most recently, Benjamin undertook supervision of the building of the Mahajanga Basin Project Reseach Facility in Berivotra.

Joseph R. Groenke • Director of Field Technical Operations •

Joe has prepared MBP fossils for several years, and has developed several new preparation techniques as a result (Groenke and Sanders, 2003; Groenke, 2004; Curry Rogers et al., 2006; Groenke et al., 2007), but began playing a major role in the field excavation and packaging of Mahajanga Basin fossils in 2005. Joe is also involved in various research efforts and has a particular interest in the crocodyliforms from the Mahajanga Basin (Sertich and Groenke, in prep.). Joe is also a member of the Advisory Board of the Madagascar Ankizy Fund.

Vavizara Patrica Ranaivo • Field Logistics Coordinator •

Vavi has been a member of the MBP since 2001. Without Vavi, we would not be able to operate at anywhere near the efficiency that we do. She assists with government negotiations at national, regional, and local levels, maintains field camp operations at all levels, and somehow finds time to cook fantastic meals in the most remote of settings. In short, she is indispensable. Vavi also serves as the Chief Executive Office of the Madagascar Ankizy Fund and assists in the coordination of various MAF-related projects.

PUBLICATIONS - MAHAJANGA BASIN PROJECT

(1993-present, listed alphabetically by author)

Ali, J. R., and D. W. Krause. In review. Late Cretaceous bio-connections between Indo-Madagascar and Antarctica: evaluation of the Gunnerus Ridge causeway hypothesis. Journal of Biogeography.

Alicea, J., and A. Farke. 2007. Can cross-sectional properties of the femur be used to infer posture in nonavian theropods. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (3, Supplement):40A.

Asher, R. J., and D. W. Krause. 1994. The first pre-Holocene (Cretaceous) record of Anura from Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14 (3, Supplement):15A.

Asher, R. J., and D. W. Krause. 1998. The first pre-Holocene (Cretaceous) record of Anura from Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18:696-699.

Ballewske, L. 2010. Comparative osteohistology of Rapetosaurus krausei (Sauropoda: Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Senior Capstone Paper, Macalester College. St. Paul, Minnesota, 26 pp.

Boyer, D. M., G. V. R. Prasad, D. W. Krause, M. Godinot, A. Goswami, O. Verma and J. J. Flynn. 2010. New postcrania of Deccanolestes from the Late Cretaceous of India and their bearing on the evolutionary and biogeographic history of euarchontan mammals. Naturwissenschaften 97:365-377.

Brochu, C. 2000. Crocodylomorphs. Pp. 322-328 (Volume 1) in R. Singer (ed.), Encyclopedia of Paleontology, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago.

Brown, A. 2010. Mapping the Mahajanga Basin: using GIS to explore spatial relationships in Madagascar's geology and paleontology. Senior Honors Thesis, Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, 219 pp.

Buckley, G. A., and Brochu, C. A. 1996. Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) crocodyliforms from Madagascar and their biogeographic implications. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (3, Supplement):24A.

Buckley, G. A., and Brochu, C. A. 1999. An enigmatic new crocodile from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar. In Unwin, D. (ed.), Cretaceous Fossil Vertebrates: Special Papers in Palaeontology No. 60, The Palaeontological Association (London), p. 149-175.

Buckley, G. A., and Brochu, C. A. 2001. A skull of Mahajangasuchus insignis (Crocodyliformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21 (3, Supplement):36A.

Buckley, G. A., C. A. Brochu, and J. A. Georgi. 2003. A new slender-snouted crocodyliform from the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3, Supplement):37A.

Buckley, G. A., C. A. Brochu, and D. W. Krause. 1997. Hyperdiversity and the paleobiogeographic origins of the Late Cretaceous crocodyliforms of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (3, Supplement):35A.

Buckley, G. A., C. Brochu, D. W. Krause, and D. Pol. 2000. A pug-nosed crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Nature 405:941-944. PDF

Buckley, G. A., C. A. Brochu, L. L. Randriamiaramanana, and D. W. Krause. 1999. A bizarre new crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 (3, Supplement):34A.

Burch, S., and M. Carrano. 2008. Abelisaurid forelimb evolution: new evidence from Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Abelisauridae: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 (3, Supplement):58A.

Carrano, M. T. 2007. The appendicular skeleton of Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 163-179 in S. D. Sampson and D. W. Krause (eds.), Majungasaurus crenatissimus from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 8. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (2, Supplement).

Carrano, M. T., D. W. Krause, P. M. O'Connor, and Scott D. Sampson. 2009. Megalosaurus crenatissimus Depéret, 1896 (currently Majungasaurus crenatissimus; Dinosauria, Theropoda): proposed replacement of the holotype by a neotype. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 66(3):1-4.

Carrano, M. T., M. A. Loewen, and J. J. W. Sertich. 2011. New materials of Masiakasaurus knopfleri Sampson, Carrano, and Forster, 2001 and implications for the morphology of the Noasauridae (Theropoda: Ceratosauria). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 95:1-53.

Carrano, M. T., and P. M. O'Connor. 2005. Bird's-eye view. Natural History 114(4):42-47.

Carrano, M. T., and S. D. Sampson. 2002. Ceratosaurs: a global perspective. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 (3, supplement):41A.

Carrano, M. T., and S. D. Sampson. 2004. Madagascar, ceratosaurs, and the Cretaceous history of Gondwana. Geoscience Africa 2004 Abstracts 1:108-109.

Carrano, M. T., and S. D. Sampson. 2008. The phylogeny of Ceratosauria (Dinosauria: Theropoda). Journal of Systematic Paleontology 6:183-236.

Carrano, M. T., S. D. Sampson, and C. A. Forster. 2002. The osteology of Masiakasaurus knopfleri, a small abelisauroid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22:510-534.

Carrano, M. T., S. D. Sampson, and M. Loewen. 2004. New discoveries of Masiakasaurus knopfleri and the morphology of the Noasauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 (3, Supplement): 44A.

Case, J. A., and D. W. Krause. 2002. A tribosphenic lower molar from the Maastrichtian of Madagascar: phyletic affinities, biogeography and a new dispersal model. International Palaeontological Congress, Sydney, Australia (abstract).

Casey, M. M. 2002. Magnetostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano and Berivotra formations, Mahajanga Basin, northwestern Madagascar. Senior Honors Thesis, Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, 130 pp.

Casey, M., R. Rogers, M. Jackson, and G. Buckley. 2003. Magnetic stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation (Campanian(?)-Maastrichtian), northwestern Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3, Supplement):39A.

Casey, M. M., R. R. Rogers, M. J. Jackson, and G. A. Buckley. 2004. Continuing research on the magnetic stratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian(?)-Maastrichtian) Maevarano Formation of northwestern Madagascar. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 36 (2):113.

Catolico, N. 2009. Osteohistological analysis of a Late Cretaceous herpetofauna (Maevarano Formation, Madagascar). Senior Honors Thesis, Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, 83 pp.

Chinsamy, A. 1999. Bone microstructure of dinosaurs. Abstracts, VII International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Buenos Aires: 15-16.

Chinsamy, A., and A. Elzanowski. 2001. Evolution of growth pattern in birds. Nature 412:402-403.

Curry, K. A. 1997. Vertebrate fossils from the Upper Cretaceous Ankazomihaboka Sandstones, Mahajanga Basin, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (3, Supplement):40A.

Curry, K. A. 2001. The Evolutionary History of the Titanosauria. Ph.D. dissertation, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 552 pp.

Curry, K. A., and C. A. Forster. 1999. New evidence of titanosaurian sauropods in the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Abstracts, VII International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Buenos Aires, p. 20.

Curry, K. A., and C. A. Forster. 1999. New sauropods from Madagascar: a glimpse into titanosaur cranial morphology and evolution. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19 (3, Supplement):40A.

Curry Rogers, K. A. 1999. Fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: new taxa and their biogeographic implications. Conference on the Pranhita-Godavari Valley: Current Status and Future Directions. Abstracts, Indian Statistical Institute, Geological Studies Unit, Calcutta, p. 35.

Curry Rogers, K. A. 2001. A new sauropod from Madagascar: implications for titanosaur lower-level phylogeny. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 21 (3, Supplement):43A.

Curry Rogers, K. A. 2002. Titanosaur tails tell two tales: a second Malagasy titanosaur with saltasaurid affinities. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 (3, Supplement):47A-48A.

Curry Rogers, K. A. 2005. The postcranial anatomy of Rapetosaurus krausei (Sauropoda: Titanosauria), with comments on life history strategy. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 (3, Supplement):48A.

Curry Rogers, K. A. 2005. Titanosauria: a phylogenetic overview. Pp. 50-103 in K. Curry Rogers and J. A. Wilson (eds.), The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology. University of California Press, Berkeley.

Curry Rogers, K. A. 2009. The postcranial osteology of Rapetosaurus krausei (Sauropoda: Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29:1046-1086.

Curry Rogers, K., M. D'Emic, and A. Cagan. 2010. Titanosaur osteoderm ontogeny, anatomy and function: new data from Rapetosaurus krausei (Maevarano Formation, Madagascar). Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Abstracts with Program, p. 77A.

Curry Rogers, K. A., and C. A. Forster. 2001. The last of the dinosaur titans: a new sauropod from Madagascar. Nature 412:530-534.

Curry Rogers, K. A., and C. A. Forster. 2004. The skull of Rapetosaurus krausei (Sauropoda: Titanosauria) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24:121-144.

Curry Rogers, K. A., J. Hertel, and J. Groenke. 2006. Three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull of Rapetosaurus krausei (Sauropoda: Titanosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 (3, Supplement):53A.

Curry Rogers, K. A., and M. Imker. 2007. New data on 'Malagasy Taxon B,' a titanosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (3, Supplement):64A.

Dennis-Duke, B. 2005. Revisiting the magnetostratigraphy of the Upper Cretaceous Berivotra and Maevarano Formations, northwestern Madagascar. Senior Honors Thesis, Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, 139 pp.

Dodson, P., C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, F. Ravoavy, and D. W. Krause. 1998. Continuing discoveries of dinosaurs and associated fauna, Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Dinofest International Symposium, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Abstracts Volume, pp. 11-12.

Dodson, P., D. W. Krause, C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, and F. Ravoavy. 1997. Titanosaur osteoderms in Madagascar confirmed. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (3, Supplement):43A.

Dodson, P., D. W. Krause, C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, and F. Ravoavy. 1998. Titanosaurid (Sauropoda) osteoderms from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18:563-568.

Evans, S. E., M. E. H. Jones, and D. W. Krause. 2007. A giant hyperossified frog with South American affinities in the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (3, Supplement):73A.

Evans, S. E., M. E. H. Jones, and D. W. Krause. 2008. A giant frog with South American affinities from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(8):2951-2956. PDF

Farke, A. A. 2004. Paleopathology in archosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation of Madagascar. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs 36(5):61.

Farke, A. A., and J. Alicea. 2009. Femoral strength and posture in terrestrial birds and nonavian dinosaurs. The Anatomical Record 292:1406-1411.

Farke, A. A., and P. M. O'Connor. 2007. Pathology in Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 180-184 in S. D. Sampson and D. W. Krause (eds.), Majungasaurus crenatissimus from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 8. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (2, Supplement).

Farke, A., and J. Sertich. 2009. A medium-sized theropod from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian or Coniacian) of the Ambilobe Basin, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29 (3, Supplement):94A.

Forster, C. A. 1998. The continental dance: dinosaur evolution on Gondwana. Special Abstracts Issue, Gondwana 10: Event Stratigraphy of Gondwana. Journal of African Earth Sciences 27(1A):77-78.

Forster, C. A. 1999. Gondwana dinosaur evolution and biogeographic analysis. Journal of South African Earth Sciences 28:169-185.

Forster, C. A., L. M. Chiappe, D. W. Krause, and S. D. Sampson. 1996. The first Mesozoic bird from Madagascar. Society of Avian Paleontology and Evolution, Fourth International Meeting. Program and Abstracts, p. 5. PDF

Forster, C. A., L. M. Chiappe, D. W. Krause, and S. D. Sampson. 1996. The first Mesozoic avifauna from eastern Gondwana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (3, Supplement):34A.

Forster, C. A., L. M. Chiappe, D. W. Krause, and S. D. Sampson. 1996. The first Cretaceous bird from Madagascar. Nature 382:532-534.

Forster, C. A., L. M. Chiappe, D. W. Krause, and S. D. Sampson. 2003. Vorona berivotrensis, a primitive bird from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Pp. 268-280 in L. M. Chiappe and L. M. Witmer (eds.), Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs. University of California Press, Berkeley, © 2003 by the Regents of the University of California. Chapter PDF from the UC Press.

Forster, C. A., and P. M. O'Connor. 2000. The avifauna of the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 (3, Supplement):41A-42A.

Forster, C. A., S. D. Sampson, L. M. Chiappe, and D. W. Krause. 1998a. The theropod ancestry of birds: new evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Science 279(5358):1915-1919.

Forster, C. A., S. D. Sampson, L. M. Chiappe, and D. W. Krause. 1998b. Genus correction. Science 280:185.

Forster, C. A., S. D. Sampson, D. W. Krause, F. Ravoavy, L. M. Chiappe, and P. Dodson. 1996. New dinosaur discoveries from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Dinofest International Symposium, Tempe, Arizona, Program and Abstracts, p. 48.

Fricke, H., and R. R. Rogers. 2000. A multiple taxon/multiple locality approach to providing oxygen isotope evidence for endothermic homeothermy in theropod dinosaurs. Geology 28:799-802.

Fricke, H. C., R. R. Rogers, and D. Rumble. 1998. Oxygen isotope microanalysis of dinosaur tooth enamel using UV-laser techniques and investigating terrestrial paleoclimate during the Mesozoic. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 30(7):273.

Gaffney, E. S. and C. A. Forster. 2003. Side necked turtle lower jaws (Podocnemididae, Bothremydidae) from the Late Cretaceous Maevarano Formation of Madagascar. American Museum Novitates. 3397, 13 pp. (http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/2823)

Gaffney, E. S., and D. W. Krause. In review. Sokatra, a new side-necked turtle (Pelomedusoides) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. American Museum Novitates.

Gaffney, E. S., D. W. Krause, and I. Zalmout. 2009. Kinkonychelys, a new side-necked turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. American Museum Novitates, No. 3662:1-25. PDF from The American Museum Digital Library.

Gao, K. 1994. First discovery of Late Cretaceous cordylids (Squamata) from Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14 (3, Supplement):26A.

Georgi, J. A., and D. W. Krause. 2010. Postcranial axial morphology of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 99-121 in D. W. Krause and N. J. Kley (eds.), Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (6, Supplement).

Gottfried, M.D. 2001. Biogeographic implications of Late Cretaceous fishes from Madagascar. Abstracts, III International Meeting on Mesozoic Fishes, Serpiano, Switzerland:36.

Gottfried, M. D. 2006. Freshwater fishes from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar and the origin of the extant Malagasy ichthyofauna. P. 163 in P. M. Barrett and S. E. Evans (eds.), Ninth International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota. Natural History Museum, London.

Gottfried, M. D., and D. W. Krause. 1994. Late Cretaceous fishes from Madagascar: a first look. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14 (3, Supplement):27A.

Gottfried, M. D., and D. W. Krause. 1998. First record of gars (Ginglymodi, Actinopterygii) on Madagascar: Late Cretaceous remains from the Mahajanga Basin. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18:275-279.

Gottfried, M., and S. Ostrowski. 2008. Fossil fishing one piece at a time, with a catfish example from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 (3, Supplement): 85A-86A.

Gottfried, M., and S. Ostrowski. 2009. A surprising amiid fish from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29 (3. Supplement):108A.

Gottfried, M. D., and J. A. Rabarison. 1997. First Mesozoic Gondwanan record of a sawshark (Chondrichthyes, Pristiodontiformes), from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17:750-751.

Gottfried, M. D., J. A. Rabarison, and L. L. Randriamiaramanana. 2001. Late Cretaceous elasmobranchs from the Mahajanga Basin of Madagascar. Cretaceous Research 22:491-496.

Gottfried, M. D., L. L. Randriamiarimanana, J. A. Rabarison, and D. W. Krause. 1998. Late Cretaceous fishes from Madagascar: implications for Gondwanan biogeography. Special Abstracts Issue, Gondwana 10: Event Stratigraphy of Gondwana. Journal of African Earth Sciences 27(1A):91-92.

Gottfried, M. D., R. Rogers, and K. Curry Rogers. 2002. Coelacanth and amiid fishes present in the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 (3, Supplement):60A.

Gottfried, M. D., R. R. Rogers, and K. Curry Rogers. 2004. First record of Late Cretaceous coelacanths from Madagascar. Pp. 687-691 in G. Arratia, M. V. H. Wilson, and R. Cloutier (eds)., Recent Advances in the Origin and Early Radiation of Vertebrates. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany.

Groenke, J. 2004. Making bigger better: a low-cost, time-saving alternative for creating dimensionally accurate casts 120-160% of original size. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 (3, Supplement):67A.

Groenke, J. 2009. Mitigating stress and strain while de-molding delicate specimens from the Late Cretaceous Maevarano Formation of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29 (3, Supplement):109A.

Groenke, J., A. Farke A., and J. Georgi. 2007. Digital preparation for the analog preparator. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (3, Supplement):84A.

Groenke, J., and W. Sanders. 2003. Reproduction of fossils: from mothermolds to full-grown mounted skeletons (an overview and suggestions). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3, Supplement):57A-58A.

Hartman, J. H., N. A. Wells, D. W. Krause, and G. A. Buckley. 1994. Stratigraphy and paleontology of Late Cretaceous vertebrate and invertebrate discoveries in northwestern Madagascar. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26(7):501A.

Hill, R. 2009. The osteoderms of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29 (3, Supplement):114A.

Hill, R. V. 2010. Osteoderms of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 154-176 in D. W. Krause and N. J. Kley (eds.), Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (6, Supplement).

Jerve, A. 2004. Geochemical analysis and characterization of paleosols from the Masorobe Member of the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin, Madagascar. Senior Honors Thesis, Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, 53 pp.

Kast, S. C. 2008. Reconstructing Late Cretaceous climate in the Mahajanga Basin of northwestern Madagascar. Senior Honors Thesis, Macalester College, St. Paul, MN, 93 pp.

Kast, S., R. Rogers, and K. Curry Rogers. 2008. Reconstructing Late Cretaceous climate in the Mahajanga Basin of northwestern Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28 (3, Supplement):99A.

Khosla, A., J. J. W. Sertich, G. V. R. Prasad, and O. Verma. 2009. Dyrosaurid remains from the intertrappean beds of India and the Late Cretaceous distribution of Dyrosauridae. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29:1321-1326.

Kley, N. J., J. J. W. Sertich, A. H. Turner, D. W. Krause, P. M. O'Connor, and J. A. Georgi. 2010. Craniofacial morphology of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 13-98 in D. W. Krause and N. J. Kley (eds.), Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (6, Supplement).

Koenig, A. E., R. R. Rogers, and C. N. Trueman. 2009. Visualizing fossilization using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry maps of trace elements in Late Cretaceous bones. Geology 37:511-514.

Krause, D. W. 1993. The biogeographic origins of the modern orders of mammals: did the Indian subcontinent and Madagascar play a role? Fourth Congress, European Society for Evolutionary Biology, Paleobiology and Evolution of Early Cenozoic Mammals: A Symposium in Honor of D. E. Russell (abstract). Abstracts volume: p. 37.

Krause, D. W. 1995. Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Madagascar: implications for biotic change in deep time. Pages 5-6, 69-70 in B. D. Patterson, S. M. Goodman, and J. L. Sedlock (eds.), Environmental Change in Madagascar. The Field Museum, Chicago.

Krause, D. W. 2000. Madagascar. Pp. 689-691 (Volume 2) in R. Singer (ed.), Encyclopedia of Paleontology, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago.

Krause, D. W. 2000. A fossil bonanza. National Geographic Magazine (August issue), pp. 52-57.

Krause, D. W. 2000. New mammalian specimens from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20 (3, Supplement):52A-53A.

Krause, D. W. 2001. Late Cretaceous mammals from Madagascar: insights into the evolutionary history of mammals. 6th International Congress of Vertebrate Morphology, Jena, Germany. Journal of Morphology 248:251.

Krause, D. W. 2001. Fossil molar from a Madagascan marsupial. Nature 412:497-498. PDF

Krause, D. W. 2002. Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) mammals from Madagascar: implications for the evolutionary and biogeographic history of Gondwanan mammals. 8th International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems, Programme and Abstracts, p. 51.

Krause, D. W. 2003. Discovery of a relatively complete mammalian specimen from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (3, Supplement):69A.

Krause, D. W. 2003. Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Madagascar: a window into Gondwanan biogeography at the end of the Age of Dinosaurs. Pp. 40-47 in S. M. Goodman and J. P. Benstead (eds.), The Natural History of Madagascar. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Krause, D. W. 2004. Madagascar's buried treasure: insights into the biogeographic history of Gondwanan vertebrates. In Latin American Biogeography - Causes and Effects. 51st Annual Systematics Symposium, Missouri Botanical Garden, Latin American Biogeography - Causes and Effects. Program, pp. 8-9.

Krause, D. W. 2005. Madagascar: island of the bizarre and marvelous. The Dinosaur Expo 2005 handbook, pp. 35-49.

Krause, D. W. 2005. Madagascar's dinosaurs. National Science Museum, Friends of the Museum magazine 2005: p. 3

Krause, D. W. 2005. Dinosaurs of Berivotra. Pamphlet for distribution to general public. 8 pages. Privately printed. PDF

Krause, D. W. 2006. Science with a social conscience: digging for dinosaurs and helping children in the land that time forgot. In Latin American Biogeography - Causes and Effects. 51st Annual Systematics Symposium, Missouri Botanical Garden, Latin American Biogeography - Causes and Effects. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 93:367-368. PDF

Krause, D. W. 2008. The bizarre creatures of Madagascar. Featured article published on-line in the LiveScience.com series Behind the Scenes and in the National Science Foundation Where Discoveries Begin series.

Krause, D. W. 2009. Majungasaurus, the dinosaur cannibal of Madagascar. Pages 84-85 in Y. Tomida (ed.), Dinosaurs of Gondwana. The Yomiuri Shimbun/National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan.

Krause, D. W. 2009. Dinosaurs in Madagascar. Page 86 in Y. Tomida (ed.), Dinosaurs of Gondwana. The Yomiuri Shimbun/National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo, Japan.

Krause, D. W., Asher, R. J., Buckley, G. A., Gottfried, M. D., and T. C. LaDuke. 1999. Biogeographic origins of the non-dinosaurian vertebrate fauna of Madagascar: new evidence from the Late Cretaceous. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 18 (3, Supplement):57A.

Krause, D. W., and P. Dodson. 1994. The premaxilla of Majungasaurus (Theropoda), Late Cretaceous, Madagascar: implications for relationships. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14 (3, Supplement):32A.

Krause, D. W., S. E. Evans, and K. Gao. 2002. First definitive record of pre-Late Pleistocene lizards from Madagascar: a ?cordylid cordyliform from the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 (3, Supplement):76A.

Krause, D. W., S. E. Evans, and K.-Q. Gao. 2003. First definitive record of Mesozoic lizards from Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23:842-856.

Krause, D. W., C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, G. A. Buckley, and P. Dodson. 1997. Vertebrate evolution on Gondwana: new evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 17 (3, Supplement):58A.

Krause, D. W., C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, G. A. Buckley, and M. Gottfried. 1998. Vertebrate fossils from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar: implications for Gondwanan plate tectonics and biogeography. Special Abstracts Issue, Gondwana 10: Event Stratigraphy of Gondwana. Journal of African Earth Sciences 27(1A):128-129.

Krause, D. W., C. A. Forster, S. D. Sampson, and F. Ravoavy. 1996. Dinosaurs from the Great Red Island. The Dinosaur Report, Winter 1996 issue, pp. 6-9.

Krause, D. W., and F. E. Grine. 1996. The first multituberculates from Madagascar: implications for Cretaceous biogeography. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16 (3, Supplement):46A.

Krause, D. W., and J. H. Hartman. 1996. Late Cretaceous fossils from Madagascar and their implications for biogeographic relationships with the Indian subcontinent. In A. Sahni (ed.), Cretaceous Stratigraphy and Palaeoenvironments. Memoir, Geological Society of India 37:135-154.

Krause, D. W., J. H. Hartman, and N. A. Wells. 1997. Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Madagascar: implications for biotic change in deep time. Pp. 3-43 in S. D. Goodman and B. D. Patterson (eds.), Natural Change and Human Impact in Madagascar. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.

Krause, D. W., J. H. Hartman, N. A. Wells, G. A. Buckley, C. A. Lockwood, C. E. Wall, R. E. Wunderlich, J. A. Rabarison, and L. L. Randriamiaramanana. 1994. Late Cretaceous mammals [from Madagascar]. Nature 368:298 PDF.

Krause, D. W., and N. J. Kley (eds.). 2010. Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (6, Supplement), 236 pp.

Krause, D. W., and N. J. Kley. 2010. Preface; pp. 1-3 in D. W. Krause and N. J. Kley (eds.), Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (6, Supplement).

Krause, D. W., P. M. O'Connor, K. Curry Rogers, S. D. Sampson, G. A. Buckley, and R. R. Rogers. 2006. Late Cretaceous terrestrial vertebrates from Madagascar: implications for Latin American biogeography. In Latin American Biogeography - Causes and Effects. 51st Annual Systematics Symposium, Missouri Botanical Garden, Latin American Biogeography - Causes and Effects. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 93:178-208. PDF

Krause, D. W., P. M. O'Connor, A. H. Rasomiaramanana G. A. Buckley, D. Burney, M. T. Carrano, P. S. Chatrath, J. J. Flynn, C. A. Forster, L. Godfrey, W. L. Jungers, R. R. Rogers, K. E. Samonds, E. Simons, and A. Wyss. 2006. Preserving Madagascar's natural heritage: the importance of keeping the island's vertebrate fossils in the public domain. Madagascar Conservation & Development 1(1):43-47.

Krause, D. W., G. V. R. Prasad, W. von Koenigswald, A. Sahni, and F. E. Grine. 1997. Cosmopolitanism among Late Cretaceous Gondwanan mammals. Nature 390:504-507. PDF

Krause, D. W. and A. H. Rasoamiaramanana. 2006. Late Cretaceous vertebrates of Madagascar: implications for Gondwanan biogeography. Pp. 59-62 in P. M. Barrett and S. E. Evans (eds.), Ninth International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota. Natural History Museum, London.

Krause, D. W. and A. H. Rasoamiaramanana. 2006. Late Cretaceous vertebrates of Madagascar: implications for the biogeographical and plate tectonic history of Gondwana. P. 163 in P. M. Barrett and S. E. Evans (eds.), Ninth International Symposium on Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems and Biota. Natural History Museum, London.

Krause, D. W., R. R. Rogers, C. A. Forster, J. H. Hartman, G. A. Buckley, and S. D. Sampson. 1999. The Late Cretaceous vertebrate fauna of Madagascar: implications for Gondwanan paleobiogeography. GSA Today 9:1-7.

Krause, D. W., S. D. Sampson, M. T. Carrano, and P. M. O'Connor. 2007. Overview of the history of discovery, taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography of Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Pp. 1-20 in S. D. Sampson and D. W. Krause (eds.), Majungasaurus crenatissimus (Theropoda: Abelisauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 8. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (2, Supplement).

Krause, D. W., J. J. W. Sertich, R. R. Rogers, A. H. Rasoamiaramanana, S. C. Kast and G. A. Buckley. 2010. Overview of the discovery, distribution, and geological context of Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar; pp. 4-12 in D. W. Krause and N. J. Kley (eds.), Simosuchus clarki (Crocodyliformes: Notosuchia) from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoir 10. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (6, Supplement).

LaDuke, T. C. 2002. Fossil snake assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 22 (3, Supplement):76A.

LaDuke, T. C., D. W. Krause, J. D. Scanlon, and N. J. Kley. 2010. A Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) snake assemblage from the Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin, Madagascar. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30:109-138.

Loewen, M. A., K. E. Samonds, and M. F. Ramarolahy. 2001. Lake Tsimanampetsotsa, a modern alkaline playa lake in Madagascar. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Program, 33: A443-444.

Marshall, M. S., and R. R. Rogers. 2010. Lungfish burrows in the Upper Cretaceous Maevarano Formation, Mahajanga Basin, northwestern Madagascar. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Program 42(5):253.

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